There is a lot of controversy and debate over which
method of screening is most successful. Traditionally, we have looked for
unusual areas of red patches, white patches, or mouth sores. We also examine
the tissue with our hands to feel for any abnormal bumps or lumps. If any area
of concern is identified, we must then determine if a biopsy is needed or if we
should re-examine the area in 10-14 days. This decision is usually based off
the severity of the area, the location, and the patient’s medical history. For
example, if there is a history of oral cancer or if the patient has used
tobacco products, we are more likely to refer to a specialist for a closer
look. The only definitive way to tell if you have oral cancer is to remove the
abnormal cells and have them checked with a biopsy.
Some newer technology has become available that involves
rinsing with blue dye or shining a special light on the tissue during an oral
cancer exam. In theory, the atypical cells will distinguish themselves using
these devices and we can better detect potentially harmful areas. However, most
studies reveal it is no more effective than a standard oral cancer exam. In
fact, it results in a large number of ‘false positives’ in areas that are not
abnormal. Until the technology produces better results, we will continue to use
the same techniques in identifying potentially harmful areas.
If you have a history of tobacco use (cigarettes,
cigars, pipes, chewing tobacco and snuff),
heavy alcohol use, or a history of oral cancer, you can greatly benefit from
routine oral cancer screenings since you are at an increased risk. Maintaining
regular visits to the dentist is crucial in early detection, and an early
diagnosis can improve your odds against oral cancer.
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